Anlage oder Erziehung? „Psychopathische“ Kinder in der Weimarer Republik. Schwerpunkt: Medikalisierte Kindheiten. Die neue Sorge um das Kind vom ausgehenden 19. bis ins späte 20. Jahrhundert

The treatment and care for children with behavioural disorders – not only in therapeutic pedagogy, welfare and jurisdiction but also in psychiatry, where children were now regarded as patients with specific diagnoses and therapeutic needs. The search for the causes of symptoms observed was determined by the discussion about influences and interdependencies of “predisposition” and “environment”. This nature-nurture debate is exemplified by the factional dispute between the “Psychiatrische und Nervenklinik der Berliner Charité” and the “Leipziger Universitätsnervenklinik” at the close of the Weimar Republic. The dispute between R. v. d. Leyen and F. Kramer (Berlin) on the one side and P. Schröder and H. Heinze (Leipzig) on the other show the paradigmatic extent of the discussion while at the same time highlighting the circumstances at the dawn of the National Socialist regime